Antimalarial artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) and COVID-19 in Africa: In vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication by mefloquine-artesunate.
Identifieur interne : 001691 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001690; suivant : 001692Antimalarial artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) and COVID-19 in Africa: In vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication by mefloquine-artesunate.
Auteurs : Mathieu Gendrot [France] ; Isabelle Duflot [France] ; Manon Boxberger [France] ; Océane Delandre [France] ; Priscilla Jardot [France] ; Marion Le Bideau [France] ; Julien Andreani [France] ; Isabelle Fonta [France] ; Joel Mosnier [France] ; Clara Rolland [France] ; Sébastien Hutter [France] ; Bernard La Scola [France] ; Bruno Pradines [France]Source :
- International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases [ 1878-3511 ] ; 2020.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
At the end of November 2019, a novel coronavirus responsible for respiratory tract infections (COVID-19) emerged in China. Despite drastic containment measures, this virus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread in Asia and Europe. The pandemic is ongoing with a particular hotspot in Southern Europe and America; many studies predicted a similar epidemic in Africa, as is currently seen in Europe and the United States of America. However, reported data have not confirmed these predictions. One of the hypotheses that could explain the later emergence and spread of COVID-19 pandemic in African countries is the use of antimalarial drugs to treat malaria, and specifically, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT).
METHODS
The antiviral activity of fixed concentrations of ACT at concentrations consistent with those observed in human plasma when ACT is administered at oral doses for uncomplicated malaria treatment was evaluatedin vitro against a clinically isolated SARS-CoV-2 strain (IHUMI-3) in Vero E6 cells.
RESULTS
Mefloquine-artesunate exerted the highest antiviral activity with % inhibition of 72.1 ± 18.3 % at expected maximum blood concentration (C
CONCLUSIONS
Antimalarial drugs for which concentration data in the lungs are available are concentrated from 10 to 160 fold more in the lungs than in blood. Thesein vitro results reinforce the hypothesis that antimalarial drugs could be effective as an anti-COVID-19 treatment.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.032
PubMed: 32805422
PubMed Central: PMC7426697
Affiliations:
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Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boxberger, Manon" sort="Boxberger, Manon" uniqKey="Boxberger M" first="Manon" last="Boxberger">Manon Boxberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delandre, Oceane" sort="Delandre, Oceane" uniqKey="Delandre O" first="Océane" last="Delandre">Océane Delandre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; 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Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fonta, Isabelle" sort="Fonta, Isabelle" uniqKey="Fonta I" first="Isabelle" last="Fonta">Isabelle Fonta</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mosnier, Joel" sort="Mosnier, Joel" uniqKey="Mosnier J" first="Joel" last="Mosnier">Joel Mosnier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rolland, Clara" sort="Rolland, Clara" uniqKey="Rolland C" first="Clara" last="Rolland">Clara Rolland</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hutter, Sebastien" sort="Hutter, Sebastien" uniqKey="Hutter S" first="Sébastien" last="Hutter">Sébastien Hutter</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Scola, Bernard" sort="La Scola, Bernard" uniqKey="La Scola B" first="Bernard" last="La Scola">Bernard La Scola</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pradines, Bruno" sort="Pradines, Bruno" uniqKey="Pradines B" first="Bruno" last="Pradines">Bruno Pradines</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France. Electronic address: bruno.pradines@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2020">2020</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:32805422</idno><idno type="pmid">32805422</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.032</idno><idno type="pmc">PMC7426697</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">000575</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000575</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000575</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">000575</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000575</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Antimalarial artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) and COVID-19 in Africa: In vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication by mefloquine-artesunate.</title><author><name sortKey="Gendrot, Mathieu" sort="Gendrot, Mathieu" uniqKey="Gendrot M" first="Mathieu" last="Gendrot">Mathieu Gendrot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Duflot, Isabelle" sort="Duflot, Isabelle" uniqKey="Duflot I" first="Isabelle" last="Duflot">Isabelle Duflot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boxberger, Manon" sort="Boxberger, Manon" uniqKey="Boxberger M" first="Manon" last="Boxberger">Manon Boxberger</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Delandre, Oceane" sort="Delandre, Oceane" uniqKey="Delandre O" first="Océane" last="Delandre">Océane Delandre</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jardot, Priscilla" sort="Jardot, Priscilla" uniqKey="Jardot P" first="Priscilla" last="Jardot">Priscilla Jardot</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Le Bideau, Marion" sort="Le Bideau, Marion" uniqKey="Le Bideau M" first="Marion" last="Le Bideau">Marion Le Bideau</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Andreani, Julien" sort="Andreani, Julien" uniqKey="Andreani J" first="Julien" last="Andreani">Julien Andreani</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fonta, Isabelle" sort="Fonta, Isabelle" uniqKey="Fonta I" first="Isabelle" last="Fonta">Isabelle Fonta</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mosnier, Joel" sort="Mosnier, Joel" uniqKey="Mosnier J" first="Joel" last="Mosnier">Joel Mosnier</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rolland, Clara" sort="Rolland, Clara" uniqKey="Rolland C" first="Clara" last="Rolland">Clara Rolland</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hutter, Sebastien" sort="Hutter, Sebastien" uniqKey="Hutter S" first="Sébastien" last="Hutter">Sébastien Hutter</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="La Scola, Bernard" sort="La Scola, Bernard" uniqKey="La Scola B" first="Bernard" last="La Scola">Bernard La Scola</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pradines, Bruno" sort="Pradines, Bruno" uniqKey="Pradines B" first="Bruno" last="Pradines">Bruno Pradines</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France. Electronic address: bruno.pradines@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><region type="old region">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Marseille</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="eISSN">1878-3511</idno><imprint><date when="2020" type="published">2020</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>OBJECTIVES</b></p><p>At the end of November 2019, a novel coronavirus responsible for respiratory tract infections (COVID-19) emerged in China. Despite drastic containment measures, this virus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread in Asia and Europe. The pandemic is ongoing with a particular hotspot in Southern Europe and America; many studies predicted a similar epidemic in Africa, as is currently seen in Europe and the United States of America. However, reported data have not confirmed these predictions. One of the hypotheses that could explain the later emergence and spread of COVID-19 pandemic in African countries is the use of antimalarial drugs to treat malaria, and specifically, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT).</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>METHODS</b></p><p>The antiviral activity of fixed concentrations of ACT at concentrations consistent with those observed in human plasma when ACT is administered at oral doses for uncomplicated malaria treatment was evaluatedin vitro against a clinically isolated SARS-CoV-2 strain (IHUMI-3) in Vero E6 cells.</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>RESULTS</b></p><p>Mefloquine-artesunate exerted the highest antiviral activity with % inhibition of 72.1 ± 18.3 % at expected maximum blood concentration (C</p></div><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b></p><p>Antimalarial drugs for which concentration data in the lungs are available are concentrated from 10 to 160 fold more in the lungs than in blood. Thesein vitro results reinforce the hypothesis that antimalarial drugs could be effective as an anti-COVID-19 treatment.</p></div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="Publisher" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">32805422</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>23</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print-Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1878-3511</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>99</Volume><PubDate><Year>2020</Year><Month>Aug</Month><Day>14</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Int. J. Infect. Dis.</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Antimalarial artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) and COVID-19 in Africa: In vitro inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication by mefloquine-artesunate.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>437-440</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">S1201-9712(20)30661-5</ELocationID><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.032</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText Label="OBJECTIVES" NlmCategory="OBJECTIVE">At the end of November 2019, a novel coronavirus responsible for respiratory tract infections (COVID-19) emerged in China. Despite drastic containment measures, this virus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread in Asia and Europe. The pandemic is ongoing with a particular hotspot in Southern Europe and America; many studies predicted a similar epidemic in Africa, as is currently seen in Europe and the United States of America. However, reported data have not confirmed these predictions. One of the hypotheses that could explain the later emergence and spread of COVID-19 pandemic in African countries is the use of antimalarial drugs to treat malaria, and specifically, artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="METHODS" NlmCategory="METHODS">The antiviral activity of fixed concentrations of ACT at concentrations consistent with those observed in human plasma when ACT is administered at oral doses for uncomplicated malaria treatment was evaluatedin vitro against a clinically isolated SARS-CoV-2 strain (IHUMI-3) in Vero E6 cells.</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="RESULTS" NlmCategory="RESULTS">Mefloquine-artesunate exerted the highest antiviral activity with % inhibition of 72.1 ± 18.3 % at expected maximum blood concentration (C<sub>max</sub>) for each ACT drug at doses commonly administered in malaria treatment. All the other combinations, artesunate-amodiaquine, artemether-lumefantrine, artesunate-pyronaridine, or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, showed antiviral inhibition in the same ranges (27.1 to 34.1 %).</AbstractText><AbstractText Label="CONCLUSIONS" NlmCategory="CONCLUSIONS">Antimalarial drugs for which concentration data in the lungs are available are concentrated from 10 to 160 fold more in the lungs than in blood. Thesein vitro results reinforce the hypothesis that antimalarial drugs could be effective as an anti-COVID-19 treatment.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Gendrot</LastName><ForeName>Mathieu</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Duflot</LastName><ForeName>Isabelle</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Boxberger</LastName><ForeName>Manon</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Delandre</LastName><ForeName>Océane</ForeName><Initials>O</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Jardot</LastName><ForeName>Priscilla</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Le Bideau</LastName><ForeName>Marion</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Andreani</LastName><ForeName>Julien</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Fonta</LastName><ForeName>Isabelle</ForeName><Initials>I</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Mosnier</LastName><ForeName>Joel</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rolland</LastName><ForeName>Clara</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Hutter</LastName><ForeName>Sébastien</ForeName><Initials>S</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>La Scola</LastName><ForeName>Bernard</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Pradines</LastName><ForeName>Bruno</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Unité Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département Microbiologie et Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, SSA, AP-HM, VITROME, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence du Paludisme, Marseille, France. Electronic address: bruno.pradines@gmail.com.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>14</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Canada</Country><MedlineTA>Int J Infect Dis</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>9610933</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1201-9712</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Antimalarial drug</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Antiviral</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">COVID-19</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">in vitro</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">malaria</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2020</Year><Month>06</Month><Day>29</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="revised"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>05</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2020</Year><Month>08</Month><Day>10</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2020</Year><Month>8</Month><Day>18</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>aheadofprint</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">32805422</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">S1201-9712(20)30661-5</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2020.08.032</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC7426697</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country><region><li>Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</li></region><settlement><li>Marseille</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="France"><region name="Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"><name sortKey="Gendrot, Mathieu" sort="Gendrot, Mathieu" uniqKey="Gendrot M" first="Mathieu" last="Gendrot">Mathieu Gendrot</name></region><name sortKey="Andreani, Julien" sort="Andreani, Julien" uniqKey="Andreani J" first="Julien" last="Andreani">Julien Andreani</name><name sortKey="Boxberger, Manon" sort="Boxberger, Manon" uniqKey="Boxberger M" first="Manon" last="Boxberger">Manon Boxberger</name><name sortKey="Delandre, Oceane" sort="Delandre, Oceane" uniqKey="Delandre O" first="Océane" last="Delandre">Océane Delandre</name><name sortKey="Duflot, Isabelle" sort="Duflot, Isabelle" uniqKey="Duflot I" first="Isabelle" last="Duflot">Isabelle Duflot</name><name sortKey="Fonta, Isabelle" sort="Fonta, Isabelle" uniqKey="Fonta I" first="Isabelle" last="Fonta">Isabelle Fonta</name><name sortKey="Hutter, Sebastien" sort="Hutter, Sebastien" uniqKey="Hutter S" first="Sébastien" last="Hutter">Sébastien Hutter</name><name sortKey="Jardot, Priscilla" sort="Jardot, Priscilla" uniqKey="Jardot P" first="Priscilla" last="Jardot">Priscilla Jardot</name><name sortKey="La Scola, Bernard" sort="La Scola, Bernard" uniqKey="La Scola B" first="Bernard" last="La Scola">Bernard La Scola</name><name sortKey="Le Bideau, Marion" sort="Le Bideau, Marion" uniqKey="Le Bideau M" first="Marion" last="Le Bideau">Marion Le Bideau</name><name sortKey="Mosnier, Joel" sort="Mosnier, Joel" uniqKey="Mosnier J" first="Joel" last="Mosnier">Joel Mosnier</name><name sortKey="Pradines, Bruno" sort="Pradines, Bruno" uniqKey="Pradines B" first="Bruno" last="Pradines">Bruno Pradines</name><name sortKey="Rolland, Clara" sort="Rolland, Clara" uniqKey="Rolland C" first="Clara" last="Rolland">Clara Rolland</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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